寒1_Helping those in need(一)
猎户座英语教学中心
27寒·八下英语·A+班
Grammar · Infinitives

want、continue、offer、plan 等动词后接 to + 动词原形作宾语。

I want to help at the hospital.
We continued to visit the children.
Mia offered to take photos.
They plan to raise money.
Leo decided to volunteer.
Grammar · Infinitives

encourage、tell、ask 等动词后用“宾语 + to + 动词原形”。

We encouraged him to speak.
The teacher told us to wait.
Mum asked me to tidy my room.
They invited Lily to join.
The doctor advised him to rest.
Grammar · Infinitives

see、hear、help、make、let 后通常用不带 to 的动词原形；help 后的 to 可以省略。

I saw him cross the road.
We heard the baby cry.
She helped me (to) find the book.
The game made us laugh.
Let the children try.
Grammar · Infinitives

动词不定式可以表示目的，回答“为什么做这件事”。

We held a sale to raise money.
I went to the park to take photos.
She studies hard to help others.
They visited the ward to cheer the children up.
He called to ask for permission.
Grammar Practice

[2018·天津中考] I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered ___ me to watch an opera.

A. tookB. takesC. to takeD. taking

[2018·重庆中考B卷] You should ask Bob ___ his own clothes. He is ten years old now.

A. washB. washesC. washingD. to wash

[2018·重庆中考A卷] Taiji is my favourite and I often play it ___ healthy.

A. to keepB. keepsC. keepingD. kept

[2020·重庆中考A卷] They hope ___ the basketball match.

A. winB. wonC. to winD. winning

[2019·湖北中考] Come and see! The baby is crying. Please do something to make him ___.

A. stop cryingB. stop to cryC. cryingD. cry
单词妙记
elderly
elderly
/ˈeld.ə.li/
adj. 上了年纪的
妙记: elder (年长者) + -ly (具有...... 特点) → 上了年纪的 [young]
拓展: elderly people; an elderly neighbour; care for the elderly
1Seats are reserved for elderly people.
2An elderly neighbour lives alone.
3Volunteers care for the elderly every Sunday.
单词妙记
offer
offer
/ˈɒf.ə/
v. 主动提出
妙记: offer to help: 主动说"我来帮"
拓展: offer to help; offer to carry something; offer to volunteer
1Mia offered to help at the hospital.
2Leo offered to carry the heavy box.
3We offered to volunteer after school.
单词妙记
serious
serious
/ˈsɪə.rɪ.əs/
adj. 严重的
妙记: a serious problem is not small or harmless → 严重的 [minor]
拓展: a serious disease; a serious problem; seriously injured
1The child has a serious disease.
2Air pollution is a serious problem.
3Two passengers were seriously injured.
单词妙记
disease
disease
/dɪ.ˈziːz/
n. 病; 疾病
妙记: dis-(失去) + ease (安适) → 病; 疾病
拓展: suffer from a disease; prevent disease; heart disease
1Some children suffer from a rare disease.
2Clean water helps prevent disease.
3Exercise can lower the risk of heart disease.
单词妙记
cancer
cancer
/ˈkæns.ə/
n. 癌; 癌症
妙记: cancer patients need treatment → 癌症
拓展: fight cancer; cancer patients; cancer treatment
1Her grandfather is fighting cancer.
2Volunteers read stories to cancer patients.
3Cancer treatment can take a long time.
单词妙记
spirits
spirits
/ˈspɪr.ɪts/
n. [pl.] 情绪; 心境
妙记: in high spirits: 情绪处在高位
拓展: raise somebody's spirits; in high spirits; keep one's spirits up
1The music raised the children's spirits.
2The team was in high spirits after the match.
3She kept her spirits up during treatment.
单词妙记
pain
pain
/peɪn/
n. 痛苦; 苦恼
妙记: -ain /eɪn/: Grain makes pain remain.(谷粒让痛留) [pleasure]
拓展: feel pain; ease the pain; share somebody's pain
1He felt pain in his injured leg.
2The medicine eased the pain.
3A true friend listens and shares your pain.
单词妙记
belong
belong
/bɪ.ˈlɒŋ/
v. 适应; 合得来
妙记: feel that you belong in a group: 觉得自己融入其中
拓展: belong here; feel that one belongs; belong in a group
1At first, Jin felt that she did not belong here.
2The friendly welcome made me feel that I belonged.
3Everyone should feel they belong in the class.
单词妙记
spare
spare
/speə/
adj. 空闲的; 空余的
妙记: -are /eə/: Prepare to share spare time.(分享空闲) [occupied]
拓展: spare time; a spare seat; spare room
1We visit the children in our spare time.
2Is there a spare seat beside you?
3The family turned a spare room into a study.
单词妙记
volunteer
volunteer
/ˌvɒl.ən.ˈtɪə/
v. 自愿做
妙记: volunteer to help = 自愿帮忙
拓展: volunteer to help; volunteer to teach; volunteer for a task
1I volunteered to help disabled children.
2College students volunteered to teach reading.
3Ben volunteered for the difficult task.
单词妙记
joy
joy
/dʒɔɪ/
n. 高兴; 愉快; 喜悦
妙记: -oy /ɔɪ/: Boy gets toy-joy!(男孩得玩具欢喜) [sorrow]
拓展: bring joy; tears of joy; share the joy
1Music brings the children joy.
2She cried tears of joy at the news.
3We shared the joy of their success.
单词妙记
lose
lose
/luːz/
v. 丧失; 失去
妙记: lose hope or a home: 原有的东西不再拥有 [gain]
拓展: lose a leg; lose hope; lose one's home
1Su Le lost a leg in an accident.
2The team never lost hope.
3The flood caused several families to lose their homes.
单词妙记
raise
raise
/reɪz/
v. 筹募
妙记: raise money for charity: 为慈善筹钱
拓展: raise money; raise funds; raise money for charity
1The fair raised money for the hospital.
2Students raised funds by selling bookmarks.
3Our class raised money for charity.
单词妙记
pound
pound
/paʊnd/
n. 英镑
妙记: £1 is one pound → 英镑
拓展: ten pounds; cost a pound; pay in pounds
1The book costs ten pounds.
2A bottle of water costs a pound.
3Visitors can pay in pounds at the shop.
单词妙记
structure
structure
/ˈstrʌkt.ə/
n. 结构
妙记: struct (搭建) + -ure (结果) → 结构
拓展: sentence structure; the structure of a story; a strong structure
1This sentence structure is easy to use.
2The story has a clear structure.
3The bridge needs a strong structure.
单词妙记
permission
permission
/pə.ˈmɪʃ.ən/
n. 准许; 许可
妙记: permiss-(准许) + -ion (名词) → 准许; 许可 [prohibition]
拓展: ask for permission; get permission; without permission
1We asked for permission to hold a sale.
2Lily got permission to use the hall.
3Do not enter the room without permission.
单词妙记
arrange
arrange
/ə.ˈreɪndʒ/
v. 排列; 布置
妙记: arrange flowers or chairs in order → 排列; 布置
拓展: arrange the flowers; arrange chairs; arrange items in order
1The students arranged the flowers carefully.
2Please arrange the chairs in a circle.
3She arranged the cards in date order.
单词妙记
donate
donate
/dəʊ.ˈneɪt/
v. 捐赠; 赠送
妙记: don-(给予) + -ate (动词) → 捐赠; 赠送
拓展: donate money; donate books; donate blood
1Local people donated money to the shelter.
2We donated books to a village school.
3Adults can donate blood to save lives.
单词妙记
mighty
mighty
/ˈmaɪ.ti/
adj. 巨大的; 非凡的
妙记: might (力量) + -y (有...... 的) → 巨大的; 非凡的
拓展: a mighty river; a mighty effort; a mighty force
1A mighty river runs through the valley.
2The small team made a mighty effort.
3The storm struck the coast with mighty force.
单词妙记
pleasant
pleasant
/ˈplez.ənt/
adj. 令人愉快的; 宜人的
妙记: please (使人高兴)→ pleasant (令人愉快) [unpleasant]
拓展: a pleasant afternoon; pleasant weather; a pleasant surprise
1We spent a pleasant afternoon with the children.
2The weather is pleasant in spring.
3Her visit was a pleasant surprise.
单词妙记
ease
ease
/iːz/
v. 减轻; 缓解
妙记: ease the pain: 让疼痛减轻 [aggravate]
拓展: ease the pain; ease worries; ease traffic
1The nurse helped ease his pain.
2A kind word can ease worries.
3The new road may ease traffic in the town.
单词妙记
ache
ache
/eɪk/
v. 疼痛; 隐痛
妙记: a dull ache: 持续隐隐作痛 → 疼痛
拓展: a dull ache; a stomach ache; feel an ache
1He felt a dull ache in his shoulder.
2I stayed home with a stomach ache.
3She felt an ache after the long walk.
句型精讲
voluntary work
voluntary work
/ˈvɒləntri wɜːk/
志愿工作
妙记: voluntary (自愿的) + work (工作) → 志愿工作
拓展: do voluntary work; join voluntary work; voluntary work at a hospital
1We do voluntary work on Saturdays.
2Many students joined the voluntary work.
3Lili did voluntary work at a children's hospital.
句型精讲
disabled people
disabled people
/dɪsˈeɪbəld ˈpiːpəl/
残障人士
妙记: disabled (有残障的) + people (人士) → 残障人士
拓展: help disabled people; services for disabled people; respect disabled people
1The club helps disabled people travel safely.
2The centre provides services for disabled people.
3We should respect disabled people.
句型精讲
look after
look after
/lʊk ˈɑːftə/
照料; 照顾
妙记: look after sb/sth (表示照料或照顾)
拓展: look after a child; look after a patient; look after oneself
1She looks after her little brother.
2Nurses look after patients day and night.
3Remember to look after yourself.
句型精讲
suffer from
suffer from
/ˈsʌfə frɒm/
遭受; 患...... 病
妙记: suffer from sth (from 后接疾病或痛苦来源)
拓展: suffer from cancer; suffer from pain; suffer from stress
1Some children suffer from cancer.
2He still suffers from back pain.
3Many teenagers suffer from exam stress.
句型精讲
cheer somebody up
cheer somebody up
/tʃɪə ˈsʌmbədi ʌp/
(使) 高兴起来
妙记: cheer sb up (up 表示情绪好转)
拓展: cheer a friend up; cheer the children up; music cheers somebody up
1I told a joke to cheer Ben up.
2The games cheered the children up.
3This lively song always cheers me up.
句型精讲
raise one's spirits
raise one's spirits
/reɪz wʌnz ˈspɪrɪts/
使某人振奋
妙记: raise sb's spirits (spirits 此处指“情绪”，常用复数)
拓展: raise her spirits; raise the team's spirits; music raises our spirits
1A visit from her friends raised her spirits.
2The coach's words raised the team's spirits.
3Bright music raises our spirits.
句型精讲
in low spirits
in low spirits
/ɪn ləʊ ˈspɪrɪts/
情绪低落
妙记: in (处于) + low (低落的) + spirits (情绪) → 情绪低落
拓展: feel in low spirits; remain in low spirits; look in low spirits
1He was in low spirits after the accident.
2She remained in low spirits for several days.
3Tom looked in low spirits this morning.
句型精讲
in order to
in order to
/ɪn ˈɔːdə tə/
目的是; 为了
妙记: in order to do sth (to 后接动词原形，整个结构表示目的)
拓展: in order to help; in order to improve; in order to protect
1We held a sale in order to help the children.
2She practises daily in order to improve.
3New laws were made in order to protect wildlife.
句型精讲
in need
in need
/ɪn niːd/
在危难中; 在穷困中的
妙记: in need (强调需要援助的处境)
拓展: people in need; families in need; help somebody in need
1The charity supports people in need.
2Food was sent to families in need.
3We should help anyone in need.
句型精讲
flower arranging
flower arranging
/ˈflaʊə əˌreɪndʒɪŋ/
插花
妙记: flower (花) + arranging (布置) → 插花
拓展: learn flower arranging; a flower-arranging class; flower-arranging skills
1My aunt is learning flower arranging.
2We joined a flower-arranging class.
3The club teaches basic flower-arranging skills.
句型精讲
tidy up
tidy up
/ˈtaɪdi ʌp/
收拾; 整理
妙记: tidy (整理) + up (达到彻底整齐的状态) → 收拾；整理
拓展: tidy up a room; tidy up after dinner; tidy up one's desk
1Please tidy up your room.
2We tidied up after dinner.
3Ming tidies up his desk every Friday.
句型精讲
in vain
in vain
/ɪn veɪn/
枉费心机; 徒劳无益
妙记: in (处于) + vain (徒劳的状态) → 枉费心机；徒劳无益
拓展: try in vain; search in vain; wait in vain
1We tried in vain to open the locked door.
2They searched in vain for the missing key.
3He waited in vain for a reply.
Reading

Voluntary work

1I saw a notice for voluntary work at the children's hospital, so my best friend and I offered to help. The children there all suffer from serious diseases like cancer. Some of them were very sad. We wanted to cheer them up with some fun activities. For example, we organized a painting competition to raise their spirits.

2I met a girl called Jin Ya. She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home. However, she could not go there herself, so I went to the park and took some photos. Jin Ya used them for her painting.(董丽丽和朋友在儿童医院用绘画活动鼓励重病儿童，并替无法外出的金雅拍摄公园照片，帮助她完成作品。)

Reading

Voluntary work

3My mother and I met some children with no parents. The children were quiet and unhappy. We encouraged them to tell stories from their own life. This helps them express their feelings. One child said, "My friends don't understand my pain. Sometimes I feel like I don't belong anywhere."

4We spent time with a girl called Liu Yun. Her parents died in a car accident, so she is very lonely. She is really unhappy and needs someone to talk to. My mother and I will continue to visit Liu Yun in our spare time.(王杰和妈妈鼓励失去父母的孩子讲述感受，还陪伴孤独的刘云并决定继续探望她。)

Reading

Voluntary work

5I volunteered to help disabled children. Some of them have difficulty moving around and taking part in social activities. I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy.

6I met a boy called Su Le. He lost his leg in an accident two months ago. Football is his favourite sport, and he was in low spirits because he could not play it any more. We can help children like Su Le feel more positive after an accident. I will continue to do voluntary work in the future.(丁玲用歌声帮助残障儿童，并陪伴因失去一条腿而低落的苏乐，决心继续用志愿服务带给他们力量。)